The function of a drum-type tap changer
Release date:
2025-12-31
The core function of a drum-type tap changer is to adjust the transformer’s output voltage by switching between winding taps, thereby ensuring stable grid voltage.
The core function of a drum-type tap changer is to adjust the transformer’s output voltage by switching between winding taps, thereby ensuring stable grid voltage. Specifically:
1. Voltage Regulation Function
Addressing grid fluctuations: When grid voltage fluctuates due to load changes or external factors, the tap changer stabilizes the output voltage by adjusting the turns ratio (V1/V2 = N1/N2).
Adapting to Load Requirements: Under varying load conditions, the tap changer can adjust the voltage to meet equipment demands, thereby preventing overvoltage or undervoltage.
2. Protection and Optimization
Overload protection: When the current exceeds the rated limit, the tap changer can disconnect to prevent equipment damage.
Energy-saving optimization: By adjusting the tap changer, the transformer is operated at its optimal efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption.
3. Structural Features
Drum‑shaped design: The stationary contact is cylindrical, while the moving contact is annular; it incorporates a leaf spring that permits axial displacement of the moving contact during switching, with the contact pressure determined by the magnitude of this displacement.
Application scenarios: Drum-type no-excitation tap changers are typically used for voltage regulation at the mid-point of windings, with voltage ratings ranging from 35 to 220 kV and current ratings from 300 to 1000 A.
4. Operating Method
No‑excitation operation: Adjusts the tap changer and changes the voltage ratio without applying voltage to the transformer.
On-load operation: Operations are performed under transformer excitation or load conditions to achieve voltage regulation.
Through the aforementioned functions, the drum-type tap changer ensures the stable operation of transformers under various operating conditions and serves as an indispensable voltage-regulating device in power systems.
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